Apparatus for processing sealant of an insulating glass unit

ABSTRACT

A method and apparatus for heating and/or pressing sealant of an insulating glass unit. The apparatus may include an oven and a press. The oven includes a detector that detects an optical property of the insulating glass unit. The detected optical property is used to regulate the amount of energy applied to the insulating glass unit to adjust the amount of energy applied to the sealant. The press may include a displacement transducer that detects a pre-pressed thickness of the insulating glass unit. The measured pre-pressed thickness is used to automatically select a press thickness from a set of pressed IGU thicknesses.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

This disclosure relates in general to equipment used in the constructionof insulating glass units and, more specifically, to a method andapparatus for heating and/or pressing sealant of insulating glass units.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Construction of insulating glass units (IGU's) generally involvesforming a spacer frame by roll-forming a flat metal strip, into anelongated hollow rectangular tube or “U” shaped channel. Generally, adesiccant material is placed within the rectangular tube or channel, andsome provisions are made for the desiccant to come into fluidcommunication with or otherwise affect the interior space of theinsulated glass unit. The elongated tube or channel is notched to allowthe channel to be formed into a rectangular frame. Generally, a sealantis applied to the outer three sides of the spacer frame in order to bonda pair of glass panes to either opposite side of the spacer frame.Existing heated sealants include hot melts and dual seal equivalents(DSE). The pair of glass panes are positioned on the spacer frame toform a pre-pressed insulating glass unit Generally, the pre-pressedinsulating glass unit is passed through an IGU oven to melt or activatethe sealant. The pre-pressed insulating glass unit is then passedthrough a press that applies pressure to the glass and sealant andcompresses the IGU to a selected pressed unit thickness.

Manufacturers may produce IGUs having a variety of different glasstypes, different glass thicknesses and different overall IGUthicknesses. The amount of heat required to melt the sealant of an IGUvaries with the type of glass used for each pane of the IGU. Thickerglass panes and glass panes having low-E coatings have lowertransmittance (higher opacities) than a thinner or clear glass pane.(opacity is inversely proportional to transmittance). Less energy passesthrough a pane of an IGU having a high reflectance and lowtransmittance. As a result, more energy is required to heat the sealantof an IGU with panes that have higher reflectance and lowertransmittance. For example, less energy is required to heat the sealantof an IGU with two panes of clear, single strength glass than isrequired to heat the sealant of an IGU with one pane of clear, doublestrength glass and one pane of low-E coated double strength glass.

Typically, manufacturers of insulating glass units reduce the speed atwhich the insulating glass units pass through the IGU oven to the speedrequired to heat the sealant of a “worst case” IGU. This slower speedincreases the dosage of exposure. In addition to the line speedsacrificed, many of the IGU's are overheated at the surface, resultingin longer required cooling times, and more work in process.

Some manufacturers produce IGUs in small groups that correspond to aparticular job or house. As a result, these manufacturers frequentlyadjust the spacing between rollers of the press to press IGUs havingdifferent thicknesses. The thickness of the IGU being pressed istypically entered manually. Other manufacturers batch larger groups ofIGUs together by thickness to reduce the frequency at which spacingbetween the rollers of the press needs to be adjusted.

There is a need for a method and apparatus for heating sealant of an IGUthat automatically varies the energy applied to the IGU based on anoptical property of the IGU. In addition, there is a need for a methodand apparatus that automatically sets the spacing between press rollersfor an IGU being pressed. This type of functionality can provide just intime one piece flow production resulting in constant speed, less manualintervention and more consistency in the process.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present disclosure concerns a method and apparatus for heatingand/or pressing sealant of an insulating glass unit. One aspect of thedisclosure concerns an oven for applying energy to an insulating glassunit to heat sealant of the insulating glass unit. The oven includes anoptical detector, an energy source, a conveyor, and a controller. Thedetector detects an optical property of the insulating glass unit. Theconveyor moves the insulating glass unit with respect to the energysource. The energy source applies energy to the insulating glass unit toheat the sealant. The controller is coupled to the detector. Thecontroller adjusts the amount of energy supplied by the energy source tothe insulating glass unit in response to the detected optical propertyof the insulating glass unit.

The optical detector may be a transmittance detector and/or areflectivity detector. In one embodiment, the optical detector is a barcode system that scans a bar code on the insulating glass unit thatidentifies the type or types of glass used in the insulating glass unit.

In one embodiment, the energy source is a plurality of lamps, such asinfrared lamps. The controller may adjust the infrared energy suppliedby the energy source by changing a number of the lamps that supplyenergy to the insulating glass unit, changing the speed of the conveyoror changing the intensity of one or more of the lamps.

In one embodiment, there are two arrays of infrared lamps. The conveyormoves the insulating glass unit between the two arrays of infraredlamps. In one embodiment, the controller activates a different number oflamps in the first array than the controller activates in the secondarray of lamps when a detected optical property of a first pane of glassof the insulating glass unit is different than a detected opticalproperty of a second pane of glass of the insulating glass unit.

In use, an optical property or type of glass of the insulating glassunit is detected. The conveyor positions the insulating glass unit withrespect to the energy source. The amount of energy supplied by theenergy source to the insulating glass unit is adjusted in response tothe detected optical property or type of glass to heat the sealant ofthe insulating glass unit. In the exemplary embodiment, the adjustmentof energy supplied to the insulating glass unit allows the sealant in agiven IGU to be heated more evenly and facilitates more consistentheating of sealant from unit to unit.

A second aspect of the present disclosure concerns a press for aninsulating glass unit. The press includes a displacement transducer, acontroller and a pair of rollers. The displacement transducer isconfigured to measure a thickness of an insulating glass unit before itis pressed. The controller is coupled to the displacement transducer.The controller is programmed to compare the measured pre-pressedthickness with a set of programmed ranges of pre-pressed thicknessesthat correspond to a set of desired insulating glass unit pressedthicknesses. The controller selects one thickness from the set ofinsulating glass unit pressed thicknesses that corresponds to themeasured pre-pressed thicknesses. The controller is coupled to the pairof rollers that can be spaced apart by a distance determined by thecontroller. The controller is programmed to set the distance between therollers to achieve an insulating glass unit pressed thickness that thecontroller selects based on the measured pre-pressed thickness.

In one embodiment, the displacement transducer is positioned along apath of travel before an oven that heats sealant of the insulating glassunit. In one embodiment, the displacement transducer is a linearvariable differential transformer displacement transducer. In oneembodiment, the distance between the rollers is controlled by scanning abar code that indicates the pressed thickness of the insulating glassunit.

In one embodiment, a pre-pressed thickness of an insulating glass unitis measured. The measured thickness is compared with a set of ranges ofpre-pressed thicknesses that correspond to a set of insulating glassunit pressed thicknesses. One thickness from the set of insulating glassunit pressed thicknesses is selected that corresponds to the measuredpre-pressed thickness. A distance between the rollers of a press is setto achieve the selected insulating glass unit pressed thickness beforepassing the insulating glass unit is passed through the press.

Additional features of the invention will become apparent and a fullerunderstanding will be obtained by reading the following detaileddescription in connection with the accompanying drawings.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an insulating glass unit;

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken across lines 2-2 of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a sectional view of an insulating glass unit prior to pressingof the sealant to achieve the insulating glass unit of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a top plan view of an apparatus for heating and pressingsealant of an insulating glass unit;

FIG. 5 is a side elevational view of an apparatus for heating andpressing sealant of an insulating glass unit;

FIG. 6 is a side elevational view of an oven for applying energy tosealant of an insulating glass unit with a side portion removed;

FIG. 7 is a top plan view of an oven for applying energy to sealant ofan insulating glass unit with a top portion removed;

FIG. 8 is a front elevational view of a press for an insulating glassunit;

FIG. 9A is a side elevational view of a press for an insulating glassunit with rollers relatively spaced apart by a small distance;

FIG. 9B is a side elevational view of a press for an insulating glassunit with rollers spaced apart by a relatively large distance;

FIG. 10 is a schematic representation of a transmittance detectordetecting a transmittance of an insulating glass unit;

FIG. 11 is a schematic representation of a reflectivity detectordetecting the reflectivity of an insulating glass unit;

FIG. 12 is a graph that plots the relationship between signal strengthof a transmittance detector versus transmittance;

FIG. 13 is a graph that plots signal strength of a reflectivity detectorversus reflectivity,

FIG. 14 is a schematic representation of a linear variable differentialtransformer measuring a thickness of an insulating glass unit prior toits passage through the press;

FIG. 15 is a schematic perspective representation of a bar code readerreading a bar code on an insulating glass unit;

FIG. 16 is a schematic representation of infrared lamps applying energyto sealant of an insulating glass unit;

FIG. 17 is a schematic representation of infrared lamps applying energyto sealant of an insulating glass unit showing an alternate lampenergization sequence; and,

FIG. 18 is a schematic representation of infrared lamps applying energyto sealant of an insulating glass unit showing an alternate lampenergization sequence.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The present disclosure is directed to an apparatus 10 and method forheating and/or pressing sealant 19 of an insulating glass unit 14 IGU).One type of insulating glass unit 14 that may be constructed with theapparatus 10 is illustrated by FIGS. 1 and 2 as comprising a spacerassembly 16 sandwiched between glass sheets or lites 18. Referring toFIGS. 2 and 3, the illustrated spacer assembly 16 includes a framestructure 20, a sealant material 19 for hermetically joining the frameto the lites 18 to form a closed space 22 within the IGU 14 and a bodyof desiccant 24 in the space 22. The IGU 14 illustrated by FIG. 1 is incondition for final assembly into a window or door frame, notillustrated, for installation in a building. It is also contemplatedthat the disclosed apparatus may be used to construct an insulatedwindow with panes bonded directly to sash elements of the window, ratherthan using an IGU that is constrained by the sash.

It should be readily apparent to those skilled in the art that thedisclosed apparatus and method can be used with spacers other than theillustrated spacer. For example, a closed box shaped spacer, anyrectangular shaped spacer, any foam composite spacer or any alternativematerial requiring heating can be used. It should also be apparent thatthe disclosed apparatus and method can be used to heat and press sealantin insulating glass units having any shape and size.

The glass lites 18 are constructed from any suitable or conventionalglass. The glass lites 18 may be single strength or double strength andmay include low emissivity coatings. The glass lites 18 on each side ofthe insulated glass unit need not be identical, and in many applicationsdifferent types of glass lites are used on opposite sides of the IGU.The illustrated lites 18 are rectangular, aligned with each other andsized so that their peripheries are disposed just outwardly of the frame20 outer periphery.

The spacer assembly 16 functions to maintain the lites 18 spaced apartfrom each other and to produce the hermetic insulating dead air space 22between the lites 18. The frame 16 and sealant 19 coact to provide astructure which maintains the lites 18 properly assembled with the space22 sealed from atmospheric moisture over long time periods during whichthe insulating glass unit 14 is subjected to frequent significantthermal stresses. The desiccant body 24 serves to remove water vaporfrom air or other gases entrapped in the space 22 during construction ofthe insulating glass unit and any moisture that migrates through thesealant over time.

The sealant 19 both structurally adheres the lites 18 to the spacerassembly 16 and hermetically closes the space 22 against infiltration ofair born water vapor from the atmosphere surrounding the IGU 14. Avariety of different sealants may be used to construct the IGU 14.Examples include hot melt sealants, dual seal equivalents (DSE), andmodified polyurethane sealants. In the illustrated embodiment, thesealant 19 is extruded onto the frame. This is typically accomplished,for example, bypassing an elongated frame (prior to bending into arectangular frame) through a sealant application station, such as thatdisclosed by U.S. Pat. No. 4,628,528 or co-pending application Ser. No.09/733,272, entitled “Controlled Adhesive Dispensing,” assigned to GlassEquipment Development, Inc. Although a hot melt sealant is disclosed,other suitable or conventional substances (singly or in combination) forsealing and structurally carrying the unit components together may beemployed.

Referring to FIGS. 2 and 3, the illustrated frame 20 is constructed froma thin ribbon of metal, such as stainless steel, tin plated steel oraluminum. For example, 304 stainless steel having a thickness of0.006-0.010 inches may be used. The ribbon is passed through formingrolls (not shown) to produce walls 26, 28, 30. In the illustratedembodiment, the desiccant 24 is attached to an inner surface of theframe wall 26. The desiccant 24 may be formed by a desiccating matrix inwhich a particulate desiccant is incorporated in a carrier material thatis adhered to the frame. The carrier material may be silicon, hot melt,polyurethane or other suitable material. The desiccant absorbs moisturefrom the surrounding atmosphere for a time after the desiccant isexposed to atmosphere. The desiccant absorbs moisture from theatmosphere within the space 22 for some time after the IGU 14 isfabricated. This assures that condensation within the unit does notoccur. In the illustrated embodiment, the desiccant 24 is extruded ontothe frame 20.

To form an IGU 14 the lites 18 are placed on the spacer assembly 16. TheIGU 14 is heated and pressed together to bond the lites 18 and thespacer assembly 16 together.

Referring to FIGS. 4 and 5, the illustrated apparatus 10 for heating andpressing sealant 19 of an IGU 14 includes an oven 32 for heating thesealant 19 of an IGU 14 and a press 34 for applying pressure to thesealant 19 and compressing the IGU 14 to the desired thickness T (FIG.2).

Oven

Referring to FIGS. 4-7, the illustrated oven 32 includes a detector 36,an energy source 38, a conveyor 40 and a controller 42. The detector 36is used to detect an optical property of the IGU 14 and/or the type ofglass used to construct the IGU. The energy source 38 applies energy tothe IGU 14 to heat or activate the sealant 19. The conveyor 40 moves theIGU 14 with respect to the energy source 38. The controller 42 iscoupled to the detector 36 and adjusts the amount of energy supplied bythe energy source 38 to the IGU 14 in response to the detected opticalproperty or glass type of the IGU 14 to heat the sealant 19 of the IGU14.

Referring to FIGS. 4-6, the detector 36 is mounted along a path oftravel defined by the conveyor 40 before an inlet 44 of the oven 32.Positioning the detector 36 before the inlet 44 of the oven 32 allows anoptical property of the IGU 14 to be detected before the IGU 14 entersthe oven 32. In the illustrated embodiment, a plurality of detectors 36are included for detecting an optical property along a width of an IGU14. It should be readily apparent to those skilled in the art that anydesired number of detectors could be used.

The amount of energy required to heat the sealant 19 of an IGU 14 variesdepending on the optical properties of the IGU 14. Referring to FIGS. 10and 12, in one embodiment, a transmittance detector 46 is used todetermine the amount of energy required to heat the sealant 19 of theIGU 14. One acceptable transmittance detector is an Allen Bradley series5000 photo switch analog control, such as Allen Bradley part number42DRA-5400. An IGU that is less transmissive to infrared light requiresmore energy (infrared light in the illustrated embodiment) to heat thesealant 19 than an IGU that is more transmissive to infrared light. Forexample, an IGU 14 that includes two panes of clear, single strengthglass is more transmissive than an IGU that includes two panes of clear,double strength glass. As a result, more energy is required to heat theIGU with two panes of clear, double strength glass than the IGU with twopanes of clear, single strength glass. Similarly, an IGU having one paneof low-E coated double strength glass and one pane of clear doublestrength glass is less transmissive and requires more energy to heat thesealant 19 than an IGU that includes two panes of clear, double strengthglass. An IGU that includes two panes of low-E glass is lesstransmissive than an IGU that includes one pane of clear glass and onepane of low-E coated glass. As a result, more energy is required to heatthe sealant 19 of the IOU having two panes of low-B coated glass.

The energy required to heat the sealant 19 of an IGU having anycombination of glass types can be determined by detecting thetransmittance of the IGU 14. The transmittance detector 46 provides asignal to the controller 42 that the controller uses to adjust theamount of energy supplied to the IGU 14 for heating the sealant 19.Referring to FIG. 12, in the illustrated embodiment, the transmittancedetector provides a voltage signal to the controller. The magnitude ofthe voltage signal decreases as transmittance decreases.

Referring to FIGS. 11 and 13, a reflectivity detector 48 is used todetect the amount of energy required to heat the sealant 19 of the IGU14. Acceptable reflectivity detectors include model number 0CH20,available from Control Methods, model number NTL6 available from Sich,and model number LX2-13/V10W available from Keyence. An IGU 14 having ahigh reflectivity requires more energy to heat the sealant 19 than anIGU 14 having a low reflectivity. For example, an IGU 14 having twopanes of clear glass is less reflective than an IGU 14 having one paneof clear glass and one pane of low-E coated glass. As a result, the IGU14 having two panes of clear glass requires less energy to heat thesealant 19 than the IGU 14 having one pane of clear glass and one paneof low-E glass. Similarly, an IGU 14 having two panes of low-E coatedglass is more reflective than an IGU 14 having one pane of clear glassand one pane of low-E coated glass. As a result, more energy is requiredto heat the IGU 14 having two panes of low-E coated glass. Thereflectivity detector provides a signal to the controller 42 that thecontroller uses to adjust the amount of energy supplied to the IGU 14for heating the sealant 19. Referring to FIG. 13, in the illustratedembodiment, the transmittance detector provides a voltage signal to thecontroller. The magnitude of the voltage signal increases asreflectivity increases.

In one embodiment, an optical property of a lower pane 50 and an opticalproperty of an upper pane 52 is detected. The amount of energy requiredto heat the sealant 19 to the lower pane 50 may be different than theamount of energy required to heat the sealant 19 to the upper pane 52,if the optical properties of the lower pane 50 are different than theoptical properties of the upper pane 52. If the lower pane 50 is moreopaque or reflective than the upper pane 52, more energy is required toheat the sealant 19 to the lower pane 50 than the upper pane 52. Forexample, the lower pane 50 may be a low-E coated piece of glass and theupper pane 52 is a clear piece of glass. The low-E coated glass lowerpane 50 requires more energy to heat the sealant 19. In this embodiment,a combination of transmittance and reflectivity detectors may be used.For example, a transmittance detector may be located either above orbelow the path of travel of the IGU to detect the amount of light thatpasses through the IGU. First and second reflectivity detectors may bepositioned above and below the path of travel to detect the amount oflight reflected by each side of the IGU. This information may be used todetermine the type of glass the upper pane is made from and the type ofglass the lower pane is made from.

In an alternate embodiment, the type of glass of the upper pane andlower pane are detected using one or more vision sensors. In thisembodiment, the vision sensor detects the hew, color and brightness ofthe IGUS. In the exemplary embodiment, the ambient light and backgroundare constant. The optical properties detected by the vision sensor areused to determine the type of glass the upper pane is made from and thetype of glass the lower pane is made from.

Referring to FIG. 15, in one embodiment the detector 36 is a bar codereader 54 that is used to determine the type of glass of each lite ofthe IGU and the pressed thickness of the IGU. In the exemplaryembodiment, the bar code reader 54 is part of a bar code system. Thesystem includes the bar code reader 54, a CPU and a database thatidentifies different IGU configurations that correspond to different barcodes. The bar code identifies one or more optical properties of the IGU14. A bar code read by the reader 54 is processed by the CPU thataccesses the database to determine the type of glass of each pane of thegiven IGU and the pressed thickness of the IGU. In this embodiment, abar code label 56 is affixed to a lite 18 of the IGU 14. For example,the bar code label 56 for a given IGU 14 might indicate that the lowerpane 50 is low-E coated double strength glass and the upper pane 52 isclear single strength glass and the pressed IGU thickness is 0.750inches. In one embodiment, the bar code label identifies the completeconstruction details of the IGU. For example, the bar code may identifythe glass type, glass thickness, spacer type, spacer width, muntinconfiguration, sealant type, sealant amount, and all other constructiondetails of the IGU.

Referring to FIGS. 4-7, the illustrated energy source 38 comprises aplurality of elongated infrared radiating (IR) lamps 58. One acceptableIR lamp is a Hareaus IR emitter, available from Glass EquipmentDevelopment under the part number 100-3746. As seen most clearly in FIG.4, there are two side by side lower arrays 60 of IR lamps that extendacross a width of an oven housing that supports the lamps. Similarly, asseen in the top view of FIG. 4, two side by side upper arrays 62 of IRlamps apply infrared light to heat the IGU from above. In theillustrated embodiment, the lower arrays 60 are adjacent to one anotherand the upper arrays 62 are adjacent to one another as illustrated byFIG. 4. In the exemplary embodiment, each of the lamps 58 areindependently controlled. Each lamp may be independently turned on andoff in the exemplary embodiment. In one embodiment, the intensity ofeach lamp is individually controllable. In the illustrated embodiment,each lamp 58 of the lower arrays 60 is positioned between a roller 64 ofthe conveyor 40 that is located inside an oven housing 66. Each of thelamps 58 of the upper arrays 62 are located in the oven housing 66 abovethe conveyor 40. The upper and lower arrays on the two sides of the ovencan be operated independently of each other. This independent arrayenergization is useful when smaller IGUs 14 are being processed. A firstIGU 14 may be positioned on the left side of the oven 32 while a secondIGU 14 is placed on the right side of the oven 32. The lamps on the leftside of the oven apply heat to the IGU 14 on the left side of the oven32 and the lamps on the right side of the oven 32 apply heat to the IGU14 on the right side of the oven 32.

The arrays of lamps on the left and right side of the oven 32 can beoperated in unison when a larger IGU 14 is being heated that spans boththe left and the right sides of the oven 32.

The lamps of the lower arrays 60 can be operated in unison with theupper arrays 62 or the lower arrays 60 may be operated independently ofthe upper arrays 62. The lamps of the lower arrays 60 may be operatedindependently from the upper arrays 62 when the detector 36 detects twodifferent types of lites 18 in the IGU 14.

FIG. 16 shows a lower array 60 and an upper array 62 of IR lamps 58 thatare all applying energy to the IGU 14. In the exemplary embodiment, allthe IR lamps 58 of the upper array 60 and the lower array 62 applyenergy to the IGU 14 when the detector 36 detects an IGU 14 that isrelatively opaque or reflective and, as a result, requires more energyto heat the sealant 19.

FIG. 17 shows an upper array 62 and a lower array 60 of a lamps 58wherein half of the IR lamps 58 of the upper array 62 and the lowerarray 60 supply energy to the IGU 14 to heat the sealant 19. FIG. 17 isillustrative of the number of lamps that may be activated when thedetector 36 detects an IGU 14 that is more transmissive or lessreflective and requires less energy to heat the sealant 19.

FIG. 18 illustrates a lower array 60 with all of the IR lamps 58supplying energy to the lower pane 50 of the IGU 14 to heat the sealant19 and half of the IR lamps 58 of the upper array 62 supplying energy tothe upper pane 52 of the IGU 14. The IR lamps 58 of the upper array 62and lower array 60 may be operated in this manner when the detector 36detects an IGU 14 having a more opaque or reflective lower pane 50 thatrequires more energy to heat the sealant 19 and a transmissive or lessreflective upper pane 52 that requires less energy to heat the sealant19. It should be apparent to those skilled in the art that any number oflamps in the upper array 62 or the lower array 60 can be turned on tosupply energy to the IGU 14 in response to detected optical properties.

In one embodiment, the oven includes one or more sensors that detect theleading and trailing edges of the IGU being heated. Each lamp thatsupplies energy to a given IGU may turn on when the leading edge of theIGU reaches the lamp and each lamp may turn off when the trailing edgepasses the lamp. This is referred to as shadowing the IGU.

Referring to FIGS. 4-7, the illustrated conveyor 40 includes foursections that move IGUs 14 through the apparatus 10 for heating sealant19. The sections include an inlet conveyor 68 that supplies IGUs 14 toan inlet 44 of the oven 32. An oven conveyor 72 that moves IGUs 14through the oven 32, a transition conveyor 74 that moves IGUs 14 from anoutlet 76 of the oven 32 to an inlet 78 of the press 34 and an outletconveyor 80 that moves pressed IGUs 14 away from the outlet 82 of thepress 34. It should be readily apparent to those skilled in the art thatany suitable conveyor configuration could be employed.

In the illustrated embodiment, the inlet conveyor 68, transitionconveyor 74 and outlet conveyor 80 each comprise a plurality of drivewheels 84. The drive wheels 84 are rotatably connected to a conveyortable 86 by drive rods 88. Referring to FIGS. 6 and 7, the oven conveyor72 comprises elongated driven rollers 90 that are rotatably mounted to asupport housing 92 of the oven 32. The driven rollers 90 are positionedadjacent to the infrared lamp 58 of the lower arrays 60. In theexemplary embodiment, the conveyor 40 is operated to move an IGU 14along a path of travel through the oven 32, to the press 34, and awayfrom the press at a constant speed. In an alternate embodiment, thespeed of the conveyor 40 is controlled by the controller 42 in responseto a signal from the detector 36 to vary the amount of energy suppliedto the IGUs 14 that pass through the oven 32.

In the illustrated embodiment, the controller 42 is coupled to the oven32, the press 34, the detector 36 and the conveyor 40. The controller 42receives a signal from the detector 36 that is indicative of an opticalproperty or glass type of the IGU 14 and adjusts the amount of energysupplied by the oven 32 to the IGU 14 in response to the detectedoptical property or glass type. Referring to FIGS. 10 and 12, when atransmittance detector 46 is used, the signal provided by thetransmittance detector 46 varies with the detected transmittance of theIGU 14. Referring to FIG. 12, a higher output voltage provided by thetransmittance detector to the controller 42 indicates a hightransmittance. A lower output voltage by the transmittance detector tothe controller 42 indicates that a more opaque IGU 14 has been detectedby the transmittance detector.

In the exemplary embodiment, the controller compares the signal providedby the transmittance detector to stored values or ranges that correspondto various IGU glass configurations. For example, referring to FIG. 12,the signal provided by the transmittance detector may fall within range47, indicating an IGU having clear, single strength lites is beingprocessed. As a second example, the signal may fall within range 49,indicating that the IGU being processed has two lites made from doublestrength low-E glass. Each possible glass configuration may be detectedby the controller in this manner.

Referring to FIGS. 11 and 13, when a reflectivity detector 48 is used, asignal is provided by the reflectivity detector 48 that is indicative ofthe reflectivity of the IGU 14. A lower voltage output signal providedby the reflectivity detector 48 to the controller 42 indicates that aless reflective IGU 14 is being processed. A higher voltage outputsignal from the reflectivity detector 48 indicates that a morereflective IGU 14 is being processed.

In the exemplary embodiment, the controller compares the signal providedby the reflectivity detector to stored values or ranges that correspondto different IGU glass configurations. For example, referring to FIG.13, the signal provided by the reflectivity detector may fall withinrange 51, indicating an IGU having clear, single strength glass is beingconstructed. As a second example, the signal may fall within range 53,indicating that the IGU being processed has two lites made from singleto double strength, low-E glass. Each possible glass configuration canbe detected and classified by the controller in this manner. In oneembodiment, a combination of reflectivity and transmittance detectorsare used. For example, on transmittance detector, a reflectivitydetector above the IGU path and a reflectivity detector below the IGUpath may be used.

Referring to FIG. 15, when a bar code reader 54 is used, the bar codereader provides a signal to the controller 42 that indicates the glasstype(s) of the IGU 14. In the exemplary embodiment, the signal providedby the bar code reader 54 to the controller 42 indicates the type ofglass used for the lower pane 50 and the type of glass being used as theupper pane 52.

In the exemplary embodiment, the controller 42 uses the signal from thedetector 36 to adjust the amount of energy supplied by the IR lamp 58required to bring the sealant 19 of the IGU 14 to a proper melttemperature. In the exemplary embodiment, the controller 42 adjusts theamount of energy supplied by the IR lamps 58 by changing the number oflamps in the lower arrays 60 and upper arrays 62 that supply energy tothe IGU 14. FIG. 16 illustrates all lamps of an upper array 62 and alower array 60 providing energy to heat the sealant 19 of the IGU 14.The controller 42 would cause all the IR lamps 58 of the lower array 60and the upper array 62 to supply energy to the IGU 14 when the signalprovided by the detector 36 indicates that the IGU 14 is relativelyopaque or reflective. If the detector 36 is configured to detect thetype of glass that the lower lite 50 and the upper lite 52 is made from,the controller 42 would cause all the IR lamps 58 of the lower array 60and the upper array 62 to supply energy to the IGU 14 when the signalprovided by the detector 36 indicates that the glass of the lower pane50 and the glass of the upper pane 52 is relatively opaque orreflective.

FIG. 17 shows half of the IR lamps 58 of an upper array 62 and a lowerarray 62 supplying energy to heat the sealant 19 of the IGU 14. If thedetector 36 is configured to detect overall transmittance of the IGUbeing processed, the controller 42 shuts off some of the IR lamps 58 inthe upper array 62 and the lower array 60 when the signal provided bythe detector 36 to the controller 42 indicates that the IGU 14 is moretransmissive or less reflective. If the detector 36 is configured todetect the type of glass that the lower lite 50 and the upper lite 52 ismade from, the controller 42 would shut off some of the IR lamps 58 ofthe lower array 60 and the upper array 62 when the detector 36 indicatesthat the glass of the lower pane 50 is more transmissive or lessreflective and the glass of the upper pane 52 is more transmissive orless reflective.

FIG. 18 illustrates an upper array 62 with some of the IR lamps 58applying energy to the IGU 14 for heating the sealant 19 and some of theIR lamps 58 turned off and all of the lamps of the lower array 60 turnedon. In the exemplary embodiment, when the detector is configured todetect the type of glass that is used for the upper lite 52 and the typeof glass that is used for the lower lite 50 the controller can supplydifferent amounts of energy from above and below the IGU. For example,in FIG. 18, the controller 42 turns all of the lamps that supply energyto one side of the IGU 14 on when the signal from the detector 36indicates that the pane is relatively opaque or reflective and turnssome of the lamps of the second array off when the signal from thedetector 36 to the controller indicates that the other pane of the IGU14 is more transmissive or less reflective. The detector 36 may includetransmittance detectors and reflectivity detectors that provide signalsto the controller 42 that allow the controller 42 to determine whichpane of the IGU 14 is more opaque or reflective. When a bar code readeris used to detect the types of glass used in the IGU 14 the signalprovided from the bar code reader to the controller 42 allows thecontroller 42 to determine which pane of the IGU 14 requires more energyto heat the sealant 19 of the IGU 14.

In the exemplary embodiment, the controller 42 operates the arrays onthe left side of the oven 32 independently of the arrays on the rightside of the oven 32 when the IGUs 14 being processed do not overlap botharrays. In the exemplary embodiment, the controller 42 operates on theleft and right side of the oven 32 when the IGU 14 being processedoverlaps both arrays.

Press

IGUs 14 are provided by the conveyor 40 from the oven 32 to the press34. In the illustrated embodiment, the press 34 includes a displacementtransducer 94 and adjustable pressing members 96 that are coupled to thecontroller 42. In an alternate embodiment, the displacement transduceris omitted when a bar code reader 54 is included. In this embodiment,the bar code includes the pressed IGU thickness which is used by thecontroller to set the press spacing.

The illustrated pressing members 96 are elongated rollers. However, itshould be readily apparent to those skilled in the art that otherpressing means, for example, adjustable belts could be used in place ofrollers. Referring to FIGS. 3, 5 and 14, the displacement transducer 94is mounted above the conveyor 40 before the inlet 44 to the oven 32 inthe illustrated embodiment. It should be apparent to those skilled inthe art that the displacement transducer 94 could be positioned at anypoint before the inlet 78 to the press 34. The displacement transducer94 includes a roller 98 that engages an upper surface 100 of the IGU 14.The displacement transducer 94 measures a pre-pressed thickness T′ ofIGUs 14. The displacement transducer 94 provides a signal to thecontroller 42 that indicates the pre-pressed thickness T′ of the IGU 14.It should be apparent to those skilled in the art that the pre-pressedthickness T′ of the IGU 14 could be manually entered to the controller42 or, when a bar code reader 54 is included, the IGU 14 thickness T isincluded in the bar code.

The controller 42 is coupled to the displacement transducer 94. Thecontroller 42 is programmed to compare the measured pre-pressedthickness T′ of the IGU 14 with a stored set of ranges of prepressedthicknesses T′ that correspond to a set of IGU 14 pressed IGUthicknesses T. The pressed IGU thickness T is the final thickness of apressed IGU. The controller 42 selects one pressed thickness T from theset of IGU 14 pressed thicknesses that corresponds to the pre-pressedthickness T′ measured by the transducer 94.

For example, pre-pressed IGUs 14 having pre-pressed thicknesses rangingfrom 0.790 to 0.812 inches may correspond to a pressed IGU having apressed thickness T of 0.750 inches. As a result, for a pre-pressed IGU14 having a thickness of 0.800 measured by the displacement transducer94, the controller 42 sets the distance between the pressing members 96of the press 34 to press an IGU 14 having a pressed thickness T of 0.750inches. Typically, IGUs are made in distinct thicknesses. For example, ⅜inch, ½ inch, 0.0625 inch, ¾ inch, 0.875 inch, 1 inch, etc. IGUs may bemade at a particular plant. Each of these discrete thicknesses T has acorresponding range of pre-pressed thicknesses T′. Each IGU thickness Twill have an associated range of pre-pressed thicknesses T′ that allowthe displacement transducer 94 and the controller 42 to determine theIGU thickness being pressed. The controller uses the stored set ofranges of pre-pressed thicknesses T′ and corresponding IGU pressedthicknesses to set the spacing between the pressing members.

The IGU thickness detection scheme disclosed is compatible with any typeof press. The illustrated press 34 includes three pairs of rollers 96that are spaced apart by a distance controlled by the controller 42.Referring to FIGS. 5 and 7, the three pairs of rollers 96 are rotatablymounted in a cabinet 102. Referring to FIG. 8, the illustrated rollers96 are elongated and extend across substantially the entire width of thepress 34.

In operation, a pre-pressed IGU 14 moves along the conveyor 40 to aposition below the detector 36 and into contact with the displacementtransducer 94. An optical property or glass type(s) of the IGU 14 isdetected with the detector 36. The detected optical property or glasstype(s) is indicative of the amount of energy required to heat thesealant 19. The pre-pressed thickness T′ of the IGU 14 being processedis measured with the displacement transducer 94. The pre-pressed IGU ismoved into the oven 32, between the upper and lower arrays 60, 62 of IRlamps 58. The controller 42 changes a number of lamps in the upper andlower arrays 60, 62 that supply energy to the IGU 14 in response to thedetected optical property or glass type(s). The controller compares themeasured pre-pressed thickness T′ of the IGU 14 with a set of ranges ofpre-pressed thicknesses that correspond to a set of IGU pressedthicknesses. The controller then selects one pressed thickness from theset of pressed thicknesses that corresponds to the measured pre-pressedIGU thickness. The controller then adjusts the distance between theadjustable rollers 96 of the press 34 to the selected IGU pressedthickness T. In the exemplary embodiment, the rollers of the press aremoved up and down by a screw jack coupled to a servo motor. In oneembodiment, a sensor such as a LVDT, is used to monitor the distancebetween the rollers. The conveyor moves the IGU 14 out of the oven 32and into the press 34. The rollers 96 of the press 34 rotate to pressthe IGU 14 to the selected thickness T and move the IGU 14 to the outlet82 of the press. The outlet conveyor 80 moves the IGU 14 away from theoutlet 82 of the press.

Although the present invention has been described with a degree ofparticularity, it is the intent that the invention include allmodifications and alterations falling within the spirit or scope of theappended claims.

1. An apparatus for applying energy to sealant of an insulating glassunit, comprising: a) a detector that detects an optical property of saidinsulating glass unit; b) an energy source that applies energy to saidinsulating glass unit to apply energy to said sealant; c) a conveyorthat moves said insulating glass unit with respect to said energysource; and d) a controller coupled to said detector that adjusts anamount of energy applied by said energy source to said insulating glassunit in response to said detected optical property.
 2. The apparatus ofclaim 1 wherein said detector is a transmittance detector.
 3. Theapparatus of claim 1 wherein said detector is a reflectivity detector.4. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said detector is a bar code readerthat scans a bar-code that identifies glass type used in the insulatingglass unit.
 5. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said energy sourcecomprises a plurality of lamps, said controller adjusts said energyapplied by changing a number of said lamps that supply energy to saidinsulating glass unit.
 6. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein saidcontroller changes a speed of said conveyor to adjust an amount ofenergy applied to said sealant.
 7. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein saidenergy source comprises a plurality of lamps, said controller adjustssaid energy applied to said sealant by adjusting an intensity of one ormore of said lamps. 8-13. (canceled)
 14. An apparatus for heatingsealant of an insulating glass unit, comprising: a) a detector thatdetects an optical property of said insulating glass unit; b) first andsecond arrays of infrared lamps; c) a conveyor that defines a path oftravel of said insulating glass unit between said first and secondarrays of infrared lamps; and d) a controller coupled to said detectorand said first and second arrays of infrared lamps that changes a numberof lamps in said first and second arrays that supply energy to saidinsulating glass unit to adjust an amount of energy supplied to saidinsulating glass unit in response to said detected optical property toheat said sealant of said insulating glass unit.
 15. The apparatus ofclaim 14 wherein said detector is a transmittance detector.
 16. Theapparatus of claim 14 wherein said detector is a reflectivity detector.17. The apparatus of claim 14 wherein said detector is a bar code readerthat scans a bar-code that identifies an optical property of saidinsulating glass unit.
 18. The apparatus of claim 14 wherein said firstarray of lamps is controlled independently of said second array oflamps.
 19. The apparatus of claim 14 wherein a number of activated lampsin said first array is different than a number of lamps activated insaid second array.
 20. The apparatus of claim 14 wherein a number ofactivated lamps in said first array is different than a number of lampsactivated in said second array when the detected optical property of afirst pane of glass of said insulating glass unit is different than thedetected optical property of a second pane of glass of the insulatingglass unit.
 21. The apparatus of claim 14 further comprising a thirdarray of infrared lamps positioned adjacent to said first array and afourth array of infrared lamps positioned adjacent to said second array,wherein said third array operates in unison with said first array andsaid fourth array operates in unison with said second array when aninsulating glass unit passes between said first and second arrays andsaid third and fourth arrays.
 22. The apparatus of claim 14 wherein saiddetector detects an optical property of a first pane of said insulatingglass unit is detected and an said controller changes a number of lampsof said first array that supply energy in response to said detectedoptical property of said first pane and said detector detects an opticalproperty of a second pane of said insulating glass unit is and saidcontroller changes a number of lamps of said second array that supplyenergy in response to said detected optical property of said secondpane. 23-28. (canceled)
 29. A press for an insulating glass unit,comprising: a) a displacement transducer configured to measure apre-pressed thickness of an insulating glass unit; b) a controllercoupled to said displacement transducer that is programmed to comparethe measured thickness with a set of ranges of pre-pressed thicknessesthat correspond to a set of insulating glass unit pressed thicknessesand select one thickness from the set of insulating glass unit pressedthicknesses that corresponds to the measured pre-pressed thickness; andc) pressing members coupled to the controller that are spaced apart by adistance controlled by said controller, said controller being programmedto set said distance between said pressing members to said one selectedinsulating glass unit pressed thickness.
 30. The press of claim 29wherein said displacement transducer is positioned along a path oftravel before reaching an oven that heats sealant of said insulatingglass unit.
 31. The press of claim 29 wherein said displacementtransducer is a linear variable differential transformer displacementtransducer. 32-34. (canceled)
 35. An apparatus for use in theconstruction of insulating glass units, comprising: a) a detector thatdetects an optical property of said insulating glass unit; b) adisplacement transducer configured to measure a pre-pressed thickness ofsaid insulating glass unit; b) first and second arrays of infraredlamps; c) a conveyor that defines a path of travel of said insulatingglass unit between said first and second arrays of infrared lamps; d) apair of rollers spaced apart by a controllable distance; and e) acontroller coupled to said detector, displacement transducer, said firstand second arrays of infrared lamps and said pair of rollers, saidcontroller is programmed to change a number of lamps in said first andsecond arrays that supply energy to said insulating glass unit inresponse to said detected optical property, to compare the measuredthickness with a set of ranges of pre-pressed thicknesses thatcorrespond to a set of insulating glass unit pressed thicknesses andselect one thickness from the set of insulating glass unit pressedthicknesses that corresponds to the measured pre-pressed thickness, andto adjust said distance between said rollers to the selected oneinsulating glass unit pressed thickness.
 36. An apparatus for applyingenergy to sealant of an insulating glass unit, comprising: a) a bar codereader that reads information on a bar code that identifies a type ofglass used in the insulating glass unit; b) an energy source thatapplies energy to said insulating glass unit to apply energy to saidsealant; c) a conveyor that moves said insulating glass unit withrespect to said energy source; and, d) a controller coupled to said barcode reader that adjusts an amount of energy applied by said energysource to said insulating glass unit in response to the type of glassused in the insulating glass unit.
 37. (canceled)
 38. A press for aninsulating glass unit, comprising: a) a bar code reader that readsinformation on a bar code that identifies a pressed thickness of aninsulating glass unit; b) a controller coupled to said bar code reader;and, c) pressing members coupled to the controller that are spaced apartby a distance controlled by said controller, said controller beingprogrammed to set said distance between said pressing members to saidpressed thickness identified by said bar code.